What is File System?
• It is responsible for storing information
• on disk and retrieving and updating this
• information.
Example:
• FAT16, FAT32, NTFS
• ext2, ext3
• …
• In Linux everything is file.
Type of File System
• Network File System: - Network File System are physically somewhere else, but appear as if they are mounted on one computer.
• Disk File System: - Disk File System are what you will find on a physical device, such as hard drive in a computer.
ext2 File System
• It has been the standard File System for Linux.
• The original Extended File System was named ext.
• The ext2 File System can accommodate:
ext2 Structure
• A file in the ext2 File System begins with the inode.
• inode
Physical Structure on the Disk
• Boot Block: information needs to boot the system
• Super Block: File System Specifications
ext3 File System
• It is as same as ext2.
• It is a journaling File System for Linux.
• In a journaling system, metadata is written to a journal on the disk before it is actually used to modify the file.
File System Structure
• */: Root directory (base of file system)
• /bin: Executable programs
• /boot: Linux kernel and boot loader
• /dev: Special device files
• /etc: System configuration files
• /home: Home directories of all users
• /lib: Library files for programs
• /media: Mount points for CD-ROM and other media
• /root: Home directory of the root user
• */sbin: System administration commands
• /srv: Data for services such as Web and FTP
• */tmp: Temporary directory
• /usr: Many of the important administration programs
• /var: Various system files, such as logs
• It is responsible for storing information
• on disk and retrieving and updating this
• information.
Example:
• FAT16, FAT32, NTFS
• ext2, ext3
• …
• In Linux everything is file.
Type of File System
• Network File System: - Network File System are physically somewhere else, but appear as if they are mounted on one computer.
1.
NFS
2.
SMB
• Disk File System: - Disk File System are what you will find on a physical device, such as hard drive in a computer.
1.
ext2
2.
ext3
3.
FAT32
4.
NTFS
ext2 File System
• It has been the standard File System for Linux.
• The original Extended File System was named ext.
• The ext2 File System can accommodate:
1.
Files as large as 2GB
2.
Directories as large as 2TB
3.
Max. file name length of 255 characters.
ext2 Structure
• A file in the ext2 File System begins with the inode.
• inode
1.
Each file has an inode structure that is identified by an
i-number.
2.
The inode contains the information required to access the file.It
doesn’t contain file name.
Physical Structure on the Disk
• Boot Block: information needs to boot the system
• Super Block: File System Specifications
1.
Size
2.
Max. number of files
3.
Free blocks
4.
Free inodes
• inode List
• Block List
: The files data
• It is as same as ext2.
• It is a journaling File System for Linux.
• In a journaling system, metadata is written to a journal on the disk before it is actually used to modify the file.
File System Structure
• */: Root directory (base of file system)
• /bin: Executable programs
• /boot: Linux kernel and boot loader
• /dev: Special device files
• /etc: System configuration files
• /home: Home directories of all users
• /lib: Library files for programs
• /media: Mount points for CD-ROM and other media
• /root: Home directory of the root user
• */sbin: System administration commands
• /srv: Data for services such as Web and FTP
• */tmp: Temporary directory
• /usr: Many of the important administration programs
• /var: Various system files, such as logs
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