History of development of computer

    We are living in the computer age. Most of our day to day jobs are being influenced by the use of computers. It is used increasingly in each and every field of our life. In the areas of science and technology improvements can not be achieved without the use of computers. Hence it has become necessary to have basic knowledge about computers.

Strictly speaking, computer is a calculating device having certain important characteristics like speed, storage capacity, accuracy etc. But, now days it is used for many more applications other than computing.

    Historians start the history of calculations with the abacus

·       The first device of counting was Abacus.

   ·       In 1617 Napier bone was developed.

   ·       In 1642 a fully mechanical adding machine was developed.

   ·       In the year of 1822-1842 Analytical engine was developed.

Some of the well known early computers these are as follows:-

a.     THE MARK I COMPUTER (1937-1944): -     It is also known as automatic sequence controlled calculator; this was the first fully automatic calculating machine. 

b.    THE ATANASOFF-BERRY COMPUTER (1939-1942): -     Dr. John Atanasoff and his assistant Clifford Berry developed an electronic machine to solve certain mathematical equations.

c.     THE ENIAC (1943-1946): -     The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC) was the first all electronic computer.

d.    THE EDVAC (1946-1952): -     The modern age of electronic digital computer was really begins from here. In the Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC) storage program concept was used to overcome major problem occur in ENIAC. 

e.     THE EDSAC (1947-1949): -     The Britishers developed the Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (EDSAC). 

f.       THE UNIVAC I (1951): -     The Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC) was the first digital computer and there after many UNIVAC machines were produced.

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